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81.
光照、温度和营养盐对滇池微囊藻生长的影响 总被引:29,自引:1,他引:29
研究了光照、温度与营养盐对滇地铜绿微囊藻(Microcystisaeruginosa)生长的影响。实验表明,在500~5000lx光强范围内,随光强增加,比增殖速率加大;在22~35℃区间内,比增殖速率随温度的升高而增加,且温度的影响大于光照;氮磷比(N/P)值在5~10范围内,比增殖速率变化较大,N/P值为14.5时,比增殖速率达最大值。滇池湖水的氮磷比值为14.4左右,与实验值相接近。根据实验结果及限制因子的定义,总体上讲,滇池中磷是藻类生长的主要限制因子,控制滇池富营养化应以控制磷为主。 相似文献
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83.
TAN Xiao KONG Fanxiang ZENG Qingfei CAO Huansheng QIAN Shanqin ZHANG Min 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(7):892-899
In order to monitor the changes of Microcystis along with temporal and spatial variations, seasonal variation of Microcystis in Lake Taihu was investigated by 16S-23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (16S-23S rRNA-ITS DGGE) and microscopic evaluation. Samples were collected quarterly at four sites (River Mouth, Meiliang Bay, Cross Area, and Lake Center) from August 2006 to April 2007. Results showed that Microcystis dominated total phytoplankton abundance at the four sites in all seasons except winter. The average annual abundance of Microcystis was relatively high at River Mouth and Meiliang Bay, reaching 81.22×106 and 61.32×106 cells/L, respectively. For temporal variations, Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') according to DGGE profile revealed the richness of Microcystis in summer (H'=1.375±0.034) and winter (H'=1.650±0.032) was lower than that in spring (H'=2.078±0.031) and autumn (H'=2.365±0.032) (P<0.05). While for spatial variations, the richness of Microcystis at River Mouth (H'=2.015±0.074) was higher than at other sites during four seasons (P<0.01). Very few differences of Microcystis diversity in the same season were observed among the other three sites (P>0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was performed to elucidate the relationships between Microcystis operational taxonomic units (OTUs) composition and the environmental factors. Results of CCA revealed that temperature was strongly positively correlated with the first axis (r=0.963), while TSS was negative correlated with the second axis (r=-0.716). Phylogenetic tree based on the sequencing results of target bands on DGGE gel indicated that samples collected in summer and winter constituted two separated clusters. 相似文献
84.
研究了铜绿微囊藻与斜生栅藻在单种和三种配比(10:1、1:1、1:10)共同培养条件下,不同的光照强度对其生长的影响,计算了不同培养体系中两种藻的磷吸收半饱和常数。结果表明:单独培养时,铜绿微囊藻在3000lx获得最大增长率,而斜生栅藻在5000lx时增值最快;共同培养时,两种藻的生长速率相对单独培养条件下均有不同程度的下降,两种藻之间存在着互相的竞争抑制作用;在10:1共培养条件下,栅藻对微囊藻的抑制作用超过了微囊藻对栅藻的抑制作用;在1:1和1:10共培养条件下,光强低于6600lx时,微囊藻对栅藻的抑制作用相对于栅藻对微囊藻的抑制作用更大。从光吸收半饱和常数看,微囊藻的光吸收的半饱和常数总是小于栅藻,可见微囊藻对光更具亲和性。总体上看,较低光照下,微囊藻的竞争能力强于栅藻,微囊藻竞争成为优势种具有较高的概率;而光照强度较大时,栅藻竞争成为优势种具较高的概率。 相似文献
85.
Weihao Zhang Fuqing Xu Wei He Xing Zheng Chen Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(1):48-55
Based on common phenomena of biochemical interaction between plants and microorganisms, the inhibitive effects of three common
terrestrial compositae plants, namely Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC., Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq., and Kalimeris indica (L.) Sch.-Bip. on the blue algae Microcystis aeruginosa was studied. Live compositae plants are co-cultivated with algae in two different inoculation doses for 10 days in 5-pools
incubators, in order to exclude the influence of bacteria and nutrients. The results show that Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC has the most inhibitive potential among the three plants as evidenced by the most drastic decrease in optical density
(OD680) of the algae. The inhibition rate is 93.3% (with initial inoculation dose of 2.0 × 106 Cells/mL) and 89.3% (with initial inoculation dose of 4.0 × 106 Cells/mL) respectively on the 10th day of cultivation. The average inhibition rate during the later half of the experiment is 0.76 (with initial inoculation
dose of 2.0 × 106 Cells/mL) and 0.71 (with initial inoculation dose of 4.06106 Cells/mL), respectively. Logistic model analysis shows that
compositae plants such as A. lavandulaefolia DC. causes the reduction of the habitat’s carrying capacity of algae. ANOVA analysis is used to determine the similarity
and differences between every experimental group and an average inhibitive rate model is used to evaluate the inhibition effects.
The results show that A. lavandulaefolia DC., which grow well in the aquatic environment, may have a great potential in controlling algae bloom in eutrophic water. 相似文献
86.
Yang Liu Wenhua Tan Xingqiang Wu Zhongxing Wu Gongliang Yu Renhui Li .Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity Conservation Biology 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,(1)
A water bloom sample collected from Lake Dishui in Shanghai was characterized.The morphological identification showed that Micorcystis wesenbergii and Micorcystis smithii were the main component of the bloom.Five strains of M.smithii were successfully isolated.Their 16S rRNA gene sequences based phylogenetic tree showed that the five strains of M.smithii intermixed with strains of other morphospecies in Microcystis.A fragment of mcy gene encoding for microcystin synthetase was detected in one of the five M.... 相似文献
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氮磷对微囊藻和栅藻生长及竞争的影响 总被引:22,自引:6,他引:16
为了揭示不同营养条件下,藻类优势种的形成规律,选取了3种具有代表性水体的营养盐浓度,对于蓝藻水华的常见种铜绿微囊藻和绿藻水华的常见种四尾栅藻进行了竞争实验.通过竞争抑制参数对相互间的竞争关系进行了分析.结果表明,在贫营养水平下,栅藻的存在能够刺激微囊藻的生长,N/P值越小,刺激作用越明显,微囊藻也能刺激栅藻的生长;富营养水平下,竞争抑制作用与N/P有关;超富营养水平下,栅藻对微囊藻的抑制能力约为微囊藻对栅藻的抑制能力的3倍,N/P值的变化对竞争抑制作用的影响不明显.在较低氮磷浓度的水体中,微囊藻容易成为优势种,而在较高的氮磷浓度的水体中,四尾栅藻更容易成为优势种. 相似文献
90.
为探究藻类受高温胁迫后的恢复生长情况,以铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)为材料,设置了40 ℃高温组及25 ℃对照组,分别处理3、6和12 d后转入25 ℃进行恢复培养30 d,测定生长过程中的细胞密度以及Chla(叶绿素a)、CAR(类胡萝卜素)、Pro(可溶性蛋白)、Sug(可溶性糖)和丙二醛的含量. 结果表明:40 ℃高温下铜绿微囊藻的生长受到显著抑制,胁迫至第12天时,细胞密度、ρ(Chla)和ρ(CAR)分别比对照组降低了81.08%、97.89%和90.31%. 解除胁迫后,40 ℃处理3 d组呈现一定的超补偿,细胞密度、ρ(Chla)和ρ(CAR)在恢复培养30 d的平均补偿指数分别为1.63、0.90和2.12;40 ℃处理6和12 d组呈现低补偿,恢复培养至第30天时,ρ(Pro)分别比对照组降低了14.86%和48.75%,ρ(Sug)分别比对照组降低了18.77%和53.73%. 胁迫时间越长,丙二醛含量越高,长时间(12 d)的高温胁迫会对细胞造成永久伤害. 采用Logistic方程拟合生长曲线,40 ℃处理6 d组在恢复培养24 d后出现明显的超补偿,细胞密度增大,预计39 d后超过40 ℃处理3 d组. 高温诱发超补偿生长与自然界中藻类暴发的过程具有密切关系,这种内源性因素及藻体生理特征的变化可为湖泊水华发生的理论研究提供依据. 相似文献